Prenatal supplements, also known as prenatal vitamins, are supplements commonly taken by women during the pre-conception period and throughout pregnancy to ensure that both the mother and the fetus receive the appropriate amount of essential nutrients. Despite being referred to as “prenatal vitamins”, they typically include a combination of 3 or more vitamins and minerals. These may encompass vitamins vitamin B1, vitamin B2, B3, vitamin B6, B12, C, D, E, and K, along with folic acid, iodine, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, selenium, and sometimes additional components like omega-3.[1][2]
It is generally recommended for all pregnant women to take at least iron and folic acid to support proper fetal development, and to prevent anemia and other complications during pregnancy. However, especially in low- and middle-income countries, women may experience multiple micronutrient deficiencies, and thus a prenatal multi-micronutrient supplement might be more suitable.[3]